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Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection − prenatal echocardiography and neonatal follow-up

Sławomir Witkowski1,2, Jerzy Węgrzynowski3, Michał Krekora4, Iwona Maroszyńska5, Anna Mazurek-Kula6, Piotr Grzelak7, Katarzyna Januszewska8, Iwona Strzelecka1,9, Maria Respondek-Liberska1,9

Affiliation and address for correspondence
J Ultrason 2025; 25: 12
DOI: 10.15557/JoU.2025.0012
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Abstract

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection is a rare congenital heart defect that can be diagnosed prenatally and might be very important for perinatal management. In addition to other cardiac abnormalities (levocardia, situs inversus, small left ventricle, double outlet right ventricle, parallel great vessels, and hypoplastic aortic arch), total anomalous pulmonary venous connection of a subdiaphragmatic type was diagnosed during a prenatal echocardiography examination in the second half of pregnancy. Fetal echocardiography monitoring showed no signs of congestive heart failure. The neonate was born at 38 weeks of gestation at our tertiary center. Postnatal echocardiography revealed significant progression in neonatal hemodynamics, and early cardiac surgery, involving repair of the pulmonary veins, pulmonary artery banding, and aortic arch reconstruction, was performed with a good outcome. This case is an excellent example of the value of prenatal echocardiography.

Keywords
TAPVC; total anomalous pulmonary venous connection; prenatal diagnosis; prenatal echocardiography; fetal echocardiography; fetal echo