To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of cranial ultrasound in detecting skull fractures in children with head trauma, with computed tomography as the reference standard, and to assess the impact of imaging findings on hospital admission and management decisions. This retrospective single-center observational study included 619 pediatric patients (0–14 years) presenting with head trauma to a pediatric hospital between 2020 and 2025.

Sarcopenia, a key component of frailty, is a known risk factor for postoperative morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess ultrasonographic features of aging muscles and their association with frailty, as determined by the comprehensive geriatric assessment, in patients undergoing elective surgery. As a secondary objective, we evaluated the utility of muscle ultrasound in predicting postoperative complications.

Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) results from rupture of the amniotic sac, leading to fibrous bands that may entangle and constrict fetal structures during intrauterine development. Prenatal diagnosis using ultrasound has been reported for over 45 years, and can be made as early as the first trimester. Recently, we registered a case of ABS by ultrasound beyond the characteristic fetal amputation malformations typically observed in this condition.

The aim of the study was to train, evaluate, and optimize machine learning models for classifying focal lesions in the thyroid gland as benign or malignant based on their features. A dataset of 841 focal thyroid lesions described by 17 features (ultrasonographic and patient characteristics) was considered. Using the Python programming language, statistical and then exploratory data analyses were conducted using the libraries, including the generation of graphs and heat maps of correlations between the considered features.

Spontaneous biliary perforation in neonates is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition with nonspecific clinical presentation. Early diagnosis is challenging due to nonspecific clinical signs, yet it is critical for appropriate management. Our objective is to present two etiologically distinct cases of neonatal spontaneous biliary perforation and to review the literature, with a focus on imaging findings, particularly the role of ultrasound (US) in diagnosis.

Assessment of the larynx and trachea presents a considerable challenge, particularly in the neonatal period, as conventional evaluation of these structures relies predominantly on invasive and uncomfortable methodologies. Ultrasonographic examination emerges as a non-invasive, readily accessible diagnostic modality that minimally compromises patient comfort.

The aim of this study was to evaluate left ventricular function in hypoxic neonates undergoing therapeutic hypothermia using echocardiography. This multicenter, prospective, casecontrol, observational study involved 113 neonates, including 55 in the hypothermic group and 58 nonhypothermic controls. Echocardiographic measurements were taken by two neonatologist (NB and RB) during therapeutic hypothermia and after rewarming using various techniques.